Chalceus erythrurus - Tucanfish 
Identification Key of the Chalceus erythrurus:
1 " - Presence of dark pigmentation forming humeral spots or stripes ..................................................................................2
2 " - Presence of conspicuous humeral spot, round in shape and located superficially beneath scales; lateral surface of body usually with reticulate pattern; snout rounded; median fontanel present between frontals and parietals ....................................................................3
Chalceus erythrurus fish has a rounded, conspicuous humeral spot, with a notch on the posterodorsal margin; dark skin on the pelvic and anal fins; and presence of dark chromatophores on the posterior margin in a longitudinal manner.
Chalceus erythrurus can grow to 22 cm. It has a relatively elongated body, a slightly upper mouth. Its lateral line presents with 5-7 perforated scales, plus 24 unperforated scales along the body. The anal fin has 25-28 branched rays, the adipose fin is absent. It has light color, a medium dark band (more visible in preserved specimens); in life, it has a red caudal fin, as well as red spots along the flanks. Uncommon species, found in various types of environment of the Teles Pires River and larger tributaries.
Although Chalceus spilogyros also has a rounded humeral point, this point is not carved and is relatively smaller than the Chalceus erythrurus mark.
A humeral spot is present in Chalceus guaporensis and, sometimes, in Chalceus epakros, however, in these species it is generally vertical elongated and located deeper in the skin, being consequently less visible than the humeral spot of Chalceus erythrurus and Chalceus spilogyros in which the spot is superficially located on the skin; in addition, the caudal fin lobes in Chalceus erythrurus are robust and rounded compared to more elongated and slender lobes in all other Chalceus species.
Chalceus erythrurus Cope, 1870
According to FISHBASE:
Kingdom = Animalia ; Phylum = Chordata ; Class = Actinopterygii ; Order = Characiformes ; Family = Chalceidae ; Genus = Chalceus.
Distribution: South America: Rio Amazonas and Rio Solimões to Rio Ucayali drainge in Peru.
Size - Maximum Length: 21,4 cm.
Synonyms: Chalceus erythrurus, Plethodectes erythrurus, Pellegrinina heterolepis, Chalceus macrolepidotus iquitensis.
Common name of Chalceus erythrurus: Arirí, Arari amarelo, Rabo de fogo (Brasil); Gelbflossen-Glanzsalmler, San Pedro, Tucanfish (EUA).
Reference: Ortega, H. and R.P. Vari, 1986. Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Peru. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (437):1-25.
References:
FISHBASE = https://www.fishbase.de/summary/Chalceus-erythrurus
INSTRUÇÃO NORMATIVA INTERMINISTERIAL N°1, DE 3 DE JANEIRO DE 2012. Diário Oficial da União – Seção I, Nº3, quarta-feira, 4 de janeiro de 2012, páginas 26 a 42 – ISSN 1677-7042 INI MPA-MMA (n01-2012 - Peixes Ornamentais Continentais.pdf)
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